Indonesian Culture Essay

Indonesia has about 300 ethnic groups, each with cultural identities developed over centuries, and influenced by Indian, Arabic, Chinese, and European sources. Traditional Javanese and Balinese dances, for example, contain aspects of Hindu culture and mythology, as do wayang kulit(shadow puppet) performances. Textiles such as batik, ikat, ulos and songket are created across Indonesia in styles that vary by region. The most dominant influences on Indonesian architecture have traditionally been Indian; however, Chinese, Arab, and European architectural influences have been significant. Sports in Indonesia are generally male-orientated and spectator sports are often associated with illegal gambling. The most popular sports are badminton and football. Indonesian players have won the Thomas Cup (the world team championship of men’s badminton) thirteen of the twenty-six times that it has been held since 1949, as well as numerous Olympic medals since the sport gained full Olympic status in 1992. Its women have won the Uber Cup, the female equivalent of the Thomas Cup, twice, in 1994 and 1996. Liga Indonesia is the country’s premier football club league. Traditional sports include sepak takraw, and bull racing in Madura. In areas with a history of tribal warfare, mock fighting contests are held, such as, caci in Flores, and pasola in Sumba. Pencak Silat is an Indonesian martial art. Indonesian cuisine varies by region and is based on Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, and Indian precedents. Rice is the main staple food and is served with side dishes of meat and vegetables. Spices (notably chili), coconut milk, fish and chicken are fundamental ingredients. Indonesian traditional music includes gamelan and keroncong. The Indonesian film industry’s popularity peaked in the 1980s and dominated cinemas in Indonesia, although it declined significantly in the early 1990s. Between 2000 and 2005, the number of Indonesian films released each year has steadily increased. The oldest evidence of writing in Indonesia is a series of Sanskrit inscriptions dated to the 5th century. Important figures in modern Indonesian literature include: Dutch author Multatuli, who criticized treatment of the Indonesians under Dutch colonial rule; Sumatrans Muhammad Yamin and Hamka, who were influential pre-independence nationalist writers and politicians; and proletarian writer Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Indonesia’s most famous novelist. Many of Indonesia’s peoples have strongly rooted oral traditions, which help to define and preserve their cultural identities. Media freedom in Indonesia increased considerably after the end of President Suharto’s rule, during which the now-defunct Ministry of Information monitored and controlled domestic media, and restricted foreign media. The TV market includes ten national commercial networks, and provincial networks that compete with public TVRI. Private radio stations carry their own news bulletins and foreign broadcasters supply programs. At a reported 25 million users in 2008, Internet usage was estimated at 12.5% in September 2009. More than 30 million cell phones are sold in Indonesia each year, and 27 percent of them are local brands.

Inequalities in Titanic Essay

Titanic was a British passenger liner separated by a class system that would end up colliding with an iceberg resulting in it to sink. There were limited lifeboats that’s seating would be greatly outnumbered by the passengers. If one was to survive the sinking of Titanic they were likely a woman, child, or upper class male. In the film there were two main sociological concepts that were overwhelming when compared to the rest, gender roles and class inequality. Gender roles are continually reinforced in Titanic. Women would work towards impressing men because there was no other way women could take care of themselves without a man. Rose’s mother pressures Rose to marry rich because their family is out of money and insists because they’re women they don’t have choices, and within the film this appears to be true. Women would sacrifice their comfort for beauty in order to impress the men. Men would discuss business and politics amongst themselves because it was believed women weren’t capable of understanding such issues. Rose’s fiancà © commands her on how to behave similar to an animal, when she speaks up for herself her fiancà © becomes aggressive until Rose becomes submissive and complies with his orders. Rose’s fiancà © doesn’t see his treatment towards Rose as inappropriate because he grew up with social privilege and was treated like a hero because of the set power structure, this is s imilar to the treatment of athletes and their violence acts towards women (Preventing Violence Against Women & Girls: Steubenville & Sport, Mayeda, 2013). The athletes grew up receiving social privilege without it being earned and their negative actions were overlooked because of their athletic performance. If you were to ask â€Å"If her fiancà © had been spending time with another woman would rose have yelled at him and flipped a table?† the answer would likely be no, because the female gender isn’t to be viewed as masculine and aggressive. Class separated the passengers aboard Titanic and would dictate the treatment of individuals. The class system in the film and can be directly  referenced to the class system in â€Å"From Gap to Gucci† (From Gap to Gucci, Witt, 2007), when Rose’s fiancà © identifies Jack dressed as a rich man, he says â€Å"Amazing, you could almost for a gentleman†, indicating Jack cannot and will not be considered gentleman without money. Aboard Titanic the rich were displayed as sophisticated and intelligent, while the poor were displayed as a dirty group who drinks beer, gets overly obnoxious during gatherings, and have a lack of intelligence. Upon boarding the ship lower class went through health inspections, while the higher class had their bags carried and would board the ship immediately without being inspected because of their socioeconomic status. While Titanic was sinking it became Jack and Rose’s fiancà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s mission to save Rose, but if the genders were to switch between those three it would be likely that Rose would be the hero and at would be Rose’s duty to save the other two. This reinforces gender roles and the idea of heroism attributed to men. After Titanic sunk Molly, who was labeled as â€Å"New Money† proposed the lifeboat go back for the disadvantaged because of the extra room available, her proposal was immediately dismissed and she was threatened by the captain of the lifeboat if she continued to rebel, this depicted the women in the film as weak. This compliance to the captain immediately reflects Milgram’s study on obedience. Molly is similar to the participants electrocuting the stranger and the captain is like the doctor in the lab coat, and because the captain is in charge nobody considers questioning his authority (If Hitler asked you to electrocute a stranger, would you? Probably, Meyer, 1970). Jack was accused of theft, and because he’s not advantaged like the upper class it was easier for him to be punished, despite him being set up by Rose’s fiancà ©. Jacks lower class standing made his word invalid when put against someone of a higher class, which was similar to the Roughnecks, whose word generally meant nothing to the police because of their social class and viewing within society (The Saints and the Roughnecks, Chambliss, 1973). The poor were locked into their living quarters while the upper class was being loaded onto the lifeboats. It was apparent that the comfort of the upper class was more important than the lives of anyone beneath their  socioeconomic status. Throughout the film there are multiple patterns, men are heroic and to be pleased by women, women are helpless and can’t attain a comfortable lifestyle without a rich man, and the treatment of an individual will be entirely based on their standing within the social class system. The white men are in power because of socially constructed gender roles that were created by white men. Rose’s fiancà © says â€Å"I make my own luck† and doesn’t realize this â€Å"luck† he makes isn’t really made, but rather a system of advantages and disadvantages put in place by rich white males which perpetuates both gender and class inequality. Works Cited: Mayeda, David. â€Å"Preventing Violence Against Women & Girls: Steubenville & Sport.† Sociology In Focus. Sociology In Focus, 03 Apr. 2013. Web. 01 Dec. 2013. Witt, Jon. â€Å"From Gap to Gucci.† The Big Picture: A Sociology Primer. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2007. N. pag. Print. Meyer, Philip. â€Å"If Hitler Asked You To Electrocute A Stranger, Would You? Probably.† The Practical Skeptic: Readings In Sociology. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2013. 63-70. Print. Chambliss, William J. â€Å"The Saints And The Roughnecks.† The Practical Skeptic: Readings In Sociology. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2013. 265-276. Print. Titanic. Dir. James Cameron. Perf. Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation, 1997. DVD

Monsters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Monsters - Essay Example The film assumes that artificial life creatures will be more female oriented than male and that technology will wrap itself around this premise. Keywords: dystopia, sexuality, technology, futuristic, robotic double, strata of society, freedom and equality, maschinenmensch, castration anxiety, love story, apathy, vamp, seven deadly sins, purge, male domination. The author of Metropolis, Thea Gabriele von Harbou (1888  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ1954), was the wife of film director and script writer, Fritz Lang (1890-1976), from 1922 till 1933. Von Harbou took two years to write what she started as a book in 1922, but converted into a screenplay in 1924. It did surface as a book also, in 1926. Forrest J. Ackerman (1916-2008), one of the foremost Science Fiction writers of the past century and the creator of the term ‘sci-fi’ (www.mania.com), felt that the book was, by the standards prevailing then, a shade melodramatic, had hints of propaganda, with the themes propounded somewhat naà ¯ve. Still, the novel was a remarkably powerful and forward-thinking dystopia with a striking denouement (ibid). Set in 2026 (www.answers.com), the scene is the futuristic sixty million strong megacity of Metropolis (www.moria.co.nz). In a ‘rich boy meets poor girl’ story, the boy falls in love with her, to the disappointment of his influential father. The boy begs his father to ameliorate the lot of the downtrodden. The villainous father does the opposite and seeks help from the modern-day Merlin, the mad scientist Rotwang, who creates a robotic double of the girl, devoid of empathy, who incites the oppressed to rebel and decimate the city (ibid), thereby forcing a reconciliation of each individual’s true worth. The 1924 script was screened in 1927, as the most expensive film ever made then, even though it was a silent film (www.moria.co.nz). Blazena Urgosà ­kovà ¡, a well-known film critic of that era,

Marketing a consumer organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing a consumer organization - Essay Example It began as an effort to help eleven Japanese-American children they had found wandering the streets of Japan as outcasts and orphans, victims of their bi-racial makeup, a cultural taboo. After successfully relocating these orphans, word spread and before they knew it they were instrumental in helping over one hundred such orphans find new homes and new lives. Between 1960 and 1964 they were directly involved in founding nine orphanages, a school as well as a hospital in both Japan and Vietnam. In 1974-75 the organization assisted thousands of orphans that were rescued during "Operation Baby Lift" and brought to the United States for adoption. In 1976 the organization changed its name to "Childrens Village USA." Then in 1978 the organization created a center called The Village of Childhelp West in Beaumont, California and officially became known as Childhelp (Childhelp 2007). The focus of the agency from that time is captured in its Mission Statement: "Childhelp ® exists to meet the physical, emotional, educational, and spiritual needs of abused, neglected and at-risk children. We focus our efforts on advocacy, prevention, treatment, and community outreach" (Childhelp 2007). They have several regional locations in Arizona, Atlanta, California, Michigan, North Carolina, San Diego, Tennessee, Virginia and the Washington DC Area. However their outreach and information and assistance programs transcend the traditional boundaries. Furthermore, their web site allows them to assist people in all parts of the world. Additionally, the Childhelp National Child Abuse Hotline (1-800-4-A-CHILD) which began in 1982 has received over two million calls since its inception: These calls come from children at risk for abuse, distressed parents seeking crisis intervention and concerned individuals who suspect that child abuse may be occurring. The Hotline is also a valuable resource for those who are mandated by law to report suspected abuse, such as school personnel,

Fossil case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fossil case - Essay Example ed by Fossil can be clearly construed as heterogeneous in nature, which is so because the customers would tend to search for the products first and then chose the one which suits them best and satisfies their wants. The essential characteristics of such products and the consumer decision making is listed below. The sequence of product lifecycle is where a new product evolves through series of stages over a period of time. These stages are the development of the product, moving to introduction, then growth, maturity and finally decline. There reason that has been associated with the changes in the product life cycle and the creation of such a sequence is change in the situation of marketing which resultantly affects the marketing strategy and marketing mix,. Marketing mix is commonly referred to as the 4 P’s of marketing. These 4 P’s are the parameters that the marketing manager can control subject to the internal and external constraints of the marketing environment. Pricing is a main feature of the marketing mix and the only one which generates revenue. It would be better for the company to increase the buying capability of the customers to gather larger revenue

Reading Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reading Questions - Essay Example Education is the foundation of our current global economy which is driven by knowledge. Many Americans enjoy the privilege of obtain student visas to study in renounce universities outside the United States. Student visas foster professional development by allowing foreign people to study in the United States. The knowledge economy of the 21st needs more people to sacrifice themselves studying in order to improve themselves. There should be any imposition on student visas and the government should create new mechanism to make it easier for foreign student to stay in the US once the graduate. There is a shortage of talent in the US, thus keeping these professionals contributing to our economy once they graduate is in the US best interest. Based on the assumption that immigrants created cost for US taxpayers a remedy for this situation is to create a special tax bracket for illegal immigrants so that can contribute to our fiscal situation. Another way for immigrants to contribute to our economy is by creating special programs in which immigrants would have to volunteer their time free of charge to contribute towards social causes. Another way to generate income towards the national economy is to place a price on visas. For example a visa can cost a person $10,000; the money would not have to be paid up front in order to eliminate discrimination against poor people. The immigrants would have to pay the fee by working legally in the United States while their visa is valid. These strategies would be independent of the criteria to become a legal resident. There are differences between the immigrants now and the immigrants from a century ago. A100 years ago the United States was not as populated and it actually needed the immigrant labor to meet the demand for jobs. Nowadays the US economy is not even able to create jobs for its own residents. The

Canadian education system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Canadian education system - Essay Example The "Whig interpretation" viewed "much of history, through British Whig eyes," as the best way to progress, "away from savagery and ignorance towards peace, prosperity, and science" (Hayes, 2002). This is view self-limiting, and is inherently, thus, incapable of presenting a true and balanced picture. The social perspective of history, influenced mainly by Bailyn (1960), stands apart from 'Whig history' and analyzes the system of informal education, prevalent earlier to the advent of public schooling, as provided by the family, community and the Church. With more emphasis on the importance of informal education, this interpretation recognizes that "schools are but one aspect" of the ever-changing "society", which "is a complex web" (Mazurek, 1986, p. 25). However, there is one shortcoming in this perspective; the main objective of this interpretation, it appears, was to impress upon the educational historians that, education must be viewed beyond mere professional and instructional dimensions of schooling (Carney, 1990, p 10). Ethnographic interpretation of history has some advantages, in the sense that, one gets to view different angles reported and recorded. Since this form of interpretation admits that human reactions are varied, it recognizes as valid, subjective interpretations of "what actually happens", as perceived by teachers, parents and students (Mazurek, 1986: 28). In recent times, the use of 'hypermedia' for ethnographic studies has increased "the potential to offer a form of ethnographic representation which is highly reflexive, collaborative, and multi-vocal" (Anderson, 1999). Revisionism - for ideological, political and economic analysis The inherent complexities of the various issues affecting education, makes it extremely hard, to arrive at a consensus theory, regarding the history of the system's evolution. Revisionist history came into being, in the process of trying to explain the various conflicting social forces, driving the nascent development of educative reforms, then. Under the guise of a so-called movement, some sections of the society, actively promoted and established public schooling, as progressive development. Arguments and counter-arguments fill the revisionist literature with abundance of details. From this quagmire of conflicting views, two major alternative interpretations emerged, - The Radical revisionism and Moderate revisionism. They are similar to each other, and yet differ in the emphasis placed on the links between the past events and, the present context. At the center of the revisionist historian's perspective is that "Schooling seeks to make selves" with its goal as moral regulation to facilitate "self-rule" or "self-government" (Corrigan, Curtis & Lanning, 1987, p.23). As Mazurek (1986, p.26) puts it, "schools are perceived as one weapon in the arsenal of privileged groups in the society as they attempt to perpetuate status

Leadership Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Leadership Assessment - Essay Example Leader’s focus remains on the people and importantly on ways to inspire them to face new challenges and to perform in any state of affairs. Not to panic at any rate is the most indispensable quality of a leader. Every leader has the quality of maintaining the confidence level up and to assure followers that the whole thing is going to be fine. To be humorous and comical with the employees is an additional great quality that differentiates some leaders from others. According to a study, females have more leadership capabilities than males. Traditionally leadership tasks were associated with men only but over a period of time women are increasingly getting involved in the leadership jobs (Eagly & Johannesen?Schmidt, 2001). LEADERSHIP STYLE There are many styles of the leaders which are being followed but three major leadership styles are commonly used in organizations. These common leadership styles are as follows (Eagly, Johannesen-Schmidt, & Van Engen, 2003): Autocratic, also known as ‘authoritarian’ Participative also known as ‘democratic’ Delegative also known as ‘laissez-fair’ Authoritarian (Autocratic): Example of expression for the above style is, â€Å"I want both of you to. . ... . .† In this style, there is a leader and one or more employees are collectively involved in making of the decision (deciding what to do & how to do). This style is a mark of potency to work in a team and not a sign of weakness of leader. This authority is bring into play when knowledge or information of others employees can prove valuable contribution. By using this authority, a benefit of mutual understanding allows every other member of the organization to participate for the betterment of decisions (Sosik & Godshalk, 2000). Delegative (Laissez Faire): Example of expression for the above style is, , â€Å"You two take care of the problem while I go. . .† This style allows the employees to make their contribution and take decisions. The style is used when the employees have enough knowledge about the situation and know what to do and in what manner the work is to be done. Leader’s complete trust on the capability of employees and intentions to develop decision m aking capability in employees results in leader to adopt this style. Leaders increasingly use this style in the current professional world (Sosik & Godshalk, 2000). My manager in the current organization has adopted the combination of the three styles. The collective feature of all three defined style have had significant positive impact on my attitude towards works as well as entire organization. With participative decision making our managers enabled us to work in team and incorporating the best of suggestions for the task completion. This participative style adoption was ordered by leader using his autocratic powers. Hence, the manager enabled all employees including me to make decisions with responsibilities

Weight lifting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Weight lifting - Essay Example Most gyms do have at least the very basic strength training tools to enable their subscribers engage in a well balanced fitness schedule. As per medical and fitness experts, people who include strength training in their fitness schedule do reap a variety of health benefits. It is a reality that as people age, they start losing muscle mass with time. This compensates their overall stamina and energy levels. Strength training is one sure way to gain muscle mass even during mature years and to maintain a youthful posture and body tone (Komaroff, 2014). It is known to positively aid body mechanics. Besides, optimal levels of muscle mass and strength helps people remain energetic and it improves their capacity for work and sports (Komaroff, 2014). Aged people who practice strength training are more likely to retain physical balance and stability even during mature years (Komaroff, 2014). Besides, strength training also improves pumping capacity of heart and helps people maintain healthy blood pressure (Anderson, 2005). It is also known that improvements in muscle mass and strength facilitated by strength training exercises does quicken body’s metabolic rate and help people maintain a healthy body weight by burning more calories (Anderson, 2005). Above all, strength training has especially been found to be of immense relevance to women, who are more vulnerable to osteoporosis as compared to men. Inactivity is known to dilute bone density, thereby leading to heightened risk of osteoporosis. Consequently, engaging in regular strength training is known to improve bone density and reduce chances of osteoporosis and brittle bones (Anderson, 2005). The benefits of strength training do not stop here. Moreover, strength training has also been found to improve immunity and body’s ability to fight against diseases. It also decreases

My Personal Aspirations Essay Example for Free

My Personal Aspirations Essay When you aspire for your future career, one must consider the important factors that lead to that. Each of these is an important component towards the achievement of success and the necessary foundation towards competence. With all of these mentioned, I believe that a course in Microbiology is an important determinant towards my future profession as a pharmacist. In the end, with this subject I can obtain the necessary skills needed towards addressing the challenges of my future major. Looking closely at the subject, there are many facets in microbiology that I can extract and use in my pharmacy major. One important contribution of such subject is its relative contribution in the overall development of my profession. Since the course deals with the study of organisms, it is an important benchmark towards creating an understanding of how dispensing of medicines can be made – one of the responsibilities of a pharmacist. In addition, the course can serve as an avenue for learning the importance of organisms in the overall development of life. Bio News mentions that microbiology is â€Å"concerned with the welfare of humankind, concentrating not only on aspects of host-microbial interactions influencing disease and immunity, but also on ecological concerns impacting food production and the environment† (p. 1). By establishing a good foundation of this subject, I believe that I can efficiently cater and tackle the needs of pharmacy. Now, I wish to point out what I wish to absorb and develop at the end of the course. The first thing that I want to accomplish in this is to create an understanding of how microorganisms develop and its relative characteristics. By establishing on these precepts, I can then branch out on its other subfields. By studying the form, physiology, and its other facets, I can adequately explore its other branches such as mycology, bacteriology and other (Bio News, p. 1). Also, I want to determine how an understanding in microbiology can lead towards the creation of new and improved ways of delivering cure to diseases. With the constant enhancement of today’s technology, better avenues for cure are becoming more available. In time, there has been an increased understanding among microbiologists of how to create and diagnose bacteria and viruses accordingly (Bio News, p. 1). Due to this, by better appreciating the conditions of how a particular bacterium operates, necessary adjustments can be made. Moreover, I want to personally grow under this course. By the end of this, I wish that I can be able to have the necessary skills to determine what bacteria create diseases and what others contribute to bodily functions. In addition, I want to have at least a familiarization as to what particular organism or bacteria affect a particular part of the body. Bio News furthers that â€Å"Microbiology is responsible for identifying infectious agents in blood, urine, sputum, feces, cerebrospinal fluid, and other body fluids† (p. 1) By familiarizing myself with these concepts and how they affect each processes, only then can I pursue the skills to cope with my pharmacy degree. Lastly, I aspire to learn how to cultivate bacteria to suit my needs as a pharmacist in the future. By taking up microbiology, I can differentiate different types of bacterium and how it affects every organism in the environment. Moreover, I can actively point out the relevant catalysts and how each one can contribute to the creation or degradation of various organisms within a particular ecosystem. Bio News mentions that â€Å"these bacteria are important to humans because they play a role in the ecology of life, by decomposing wastes, both natural and man-made, for example and created nitrogen fertilizer at the root zones of certain crops† (p. 1). Surely, can greatly impact on how I practice my major. After putting my expectations in the subject, I wish to correlate it on my future major which is pharmacy. By having a background in microbiology, I can better exhaust the capabilities and horizons of the pharmaceutical profession. Since the overall goal of such profession is to provide adequate levels of dosage in medicine, having a firm and solid background about the subject can help pave the way for cure among patients in the health care system. By appreciating the two subjects relationship, only then can students taking up a pharmacy major fully comprehend and use all these relevant skills. Also, having knowledge about microbiology can cultivate better relationships among patients. It must be understood that the role of such profession does not only revolve on issues surrounding facilitating cure via compounding medicines. On the other hand, pharmacists play a more active role towards creating betterment for patients. PILLS argues that â€Å"pharmacists not only educate consumers on medication use, but also monitor their patients health to ensure that the patient is getting the full benefits of the drug† (p. 1). To conclude, the microbiology subject can greatly influence and serve as a catalyst for my major in pharmacy. It serves as a tool and a foundation towards better understanding of the scientific explanation for the occurrence of things. Having this background in mind, I can better compound medicine and be a better pharmacist for patients. As PILLS argue, â€Å"from direct patient care and guidance to the forefront of pharmaceutical research, pharmacy caters to many fields† (p. 1). With all of these, having the adequate background and skills can catapult me towards attaining my dreams and fulfilling my role towards patients. Thus, the course in microbiology is an important stepping stone towards a successful career as a pharmacist.

Financial Implications of an e-Commerce Solution

Financial Implications of an e-Commerce Solution Financial Implications of an e-Commerce solution  associated to Computer Bits Ltd Designing a website When looking to develop an e-Commerce project, the primary focus is on developing an aesthetically pleasing and interactive for the consumer. Developing a website can be considered one of the main upfront costs that you will need to consider as part of the project. Other costs may not necessarily need to be paid upfront and can be considered as on going. There are various options when it comes to developing themes for your website. You have the option of a pre-made one or a custom developed one. Benefits can be mentioned for both options: Pre-developed templates- For a business that is on a tight budget, this will be the way to go as it is considered for cost effective. Usually, the maximum one would pay for this would be around  £100. Furthermore, if time is of the essence, then this option will allow you to get online quickly and start selling faster. Custom- This is considered costlier as the graphics needs to be developed and designed from scratch. Also, it can take longer to develop as more work is needed to be done. However, benefits include being able to add new features and it can be more tailored for your business and visually more appealing and interactive. Furthermore, it will allow you to create your own brand. This can be difficult when you have the same theme as lots of other businesses. The costs incurred from both options will now be discussed for you to analyze. Shopify, a hosted platform, sells off the shelf pre-made themes for approximately  £100- £120. An agency could set up the store on your behalf, this would typically cost approximately  £1000 for a full store setup. For a more tailored and bespoke theme, you can expect to pay around  £3000. Magneto, a self-hosted platform, would also be able to cater for such a project, however, costs would soar to between  £10,000 to in excess of  £50,000 for complex sites. There are benefits to both and it all really depends on your personal circumstances. In my opinion, I would suggest the off-the-shelf them and a hosted platform. Financial transactions You will also need to factor in the costs of transactions via this medium. There are various gateways that facilitate financial transactions over an e-Commerce platform, but more often they will charge a small percentage of the total order value. Paypal will usually charge a fee of around 1.8%. Hosting and Security This, like the financial transactions costs, can be considered as a recurring cost. Typically, you can expect to pay a monthly fee and the proves vary from host to host. In many cases, security is included as part of the package. Shopify packages range between  £10- £115 and you can expect to get between 1GB-unlimited storage. 34SP provide between 15GB to 82GB of storage space and you can expect to pay from  £15 to  £60. If you opt for an agency to provide this facility and support, then you can be expected to be around  £300 per month and this can rise drastically to around  £2500 a month for complex sites like Magneto. Marketing Without a strong marketing campaign and strategy, it will be difficult to make a success of the e-Commerce solution. In order to increase sales, you need people to visit your website. You will need generate traffic only via a successful marketing campaign. One method of marketing is to use Search Engine Optimization- Google AdWords and these will appear when someone searches for computer related words on Google search. You will only pay per click and you can normally expect to pay around  £370 per month. It is a fantastic way of generating traffic and a highly recommended one. Advertising on social media is also a must, if you are to have a successful e-Commerce journey. Technically this is free, however, in most cases you will need to employ someone who can do this competently. The only other option would be to do it yourself or get a family member to do it on your behalf such as your son or daughter. If you opt to outsource this task to an agency, expect to pay between  £1100- £2500 per month for Twitter and between  £1400- £3000 for Facebook. Another way you can promote your business is via Affiliate marketing. This method works by allowing other companies advertise your products and in return you give them a small percentage of the sales that you get as a result of their marketing for you. Logistics Upon implementation of the e-Commerce solution, you will start to generate sales from consumers who live nationally and internationally. Be able to fulfil these sales will mean that you shop around various parcel delivery companies and means you will have to start paying large amounts of postage fees. The fees will depend on the location, size and weight of the parcel. Cost of re-training staff Staff will need to be re-trained as to how to process orders via the website, via 3rd party sites such as Amazon and Ebay. In addition, you will need to train them to be able to deal will queries via e-mail and on line support. Staff will need to know of the new process and the restructuring could cost time and money. Cost of a mobile app There is also an option of developing a mobile app for Computer Bits Ltd. Selling via this medium can be beneficial, however, I feel as the cost of this would range between  £15,000- £40,000, it is best not to pursue this for the time being. Conclusion In concluding, I feel there e-Commerce will bring for Computer Bits Ltd. With an increase in exposure, the company will see and increase in custom and sales. This will mean that there is more profit and consequently more market share. Your business will be able to source cheaper stock, better products, trade on a platform that looks to be the future of shopping, open 24 hours for trading, and be able trade globally via an array of platforms. The costs mentioned in this report simply outline the things that need to be considered, but in no means, should deter you from pushing ahead with a e-Commerce solution. e-Commerce solution for Computer Bits Ltd Report by Umar Usman Arif Written for Mr Lukas e-Commerce solution for Computer Bits Ltd Objective The objective of the e-Commerce solution is to increase sales, profit and market share of Computer Bits Ltd. The primary focus of the solution would be from a business to consumer market and the domain name that the website can be accessed on will be www.computer-bits.co.uk Market Research All of the research conducted is secondary in nature, as conducting primary will be baseless, expensive and time consuming. All of the competition will be online based and Computer Bits will need to compete against national and international companies. Target Market The market segment for Computer Bits Ltd is to target the average consumer and sell them computer components and peripherals. The products will be sourced from manufacturers and we will aim to resell these at discounted prices. Our competition will be other resellers who have an online presence. We plan to target everyday PC users and small business that fix and upgrade systems. Computer Bits market share will be less than 1% as the worldwide industry is huge and just the PC gaming hardware market was worth more an  £30 billion, let alone the total worth of the components industry. Key Processes In order to maintain a successful e-Commerce solution, Computer Bits Ltd will need at least 3 different decent spec computer systems that will allow your employees to update stock, view orders, order more stock and send out correspondence to customers, suppliers and hosts. The systems will need to have good processors, 8gb RAM, SSD so the systems are fast and have a cloud account where you can save all your data and information. Anti-virus, spyware and malware software will be required to keep the systems secure from viruses and theft. Stock from manufacturers and suppliers will need to be kept up to date and distribution of orders can be done via Royal Mail, Hermes and DHL for international orders. The website and Ebay channel will need to maintained by staff. e-Commerce and Security The website will be hosted by Shopify and will used one of the off-the-shelf templates. I think it will be waste of money if we were to develop a custom one as this not really our aim. Our aim is to sell online, not to create a brand. Branding is more suited to companies that actually produce and manufacture their own products as opposed to resellers like Computer Bits Ltd. Payments from customers will be made via PayPal and Shopify, both debit and credit cards will be accepted methods of payment. 34SP will host the website and provide security as their packages offer better value for money in my opinion. They provide the website and our systems with security software that prevent hackers, viruses and allows payments to be taken via secure HTTPS. Only the website will be start-up costs, the rest will be working so capital to fund the system will be taken from the company accounts. Marketing will be done via Search Engine Optimisation and social media channels such as Twitter and Face book. Furthermore, we will reach out to Affiliate partners such as Amazon, CostcCo and BestBuy. Legislation The company will need to get trained on and adhere to many legislations that relate to distance selling. Customers data will need to kept secure and confidential and Computer Bits will need to be aware of Data Protection Act 1998. The Consumer Credit Act 1974 and Trading Standards mean that consumers have a right to returns and refunds if they are not satisfied with their products. Also, all content on the website will need to adhere to copyright laws and all staff will need to be retrained.

Managing Global Human Resources Essay examples -- Global Business Mana

The environment in which business competes is rapidly becoming globalized. More and more companies are entering international markets by exporting their products overseas, building plants in other countries, and entering into alliances with foreign companies. Global competition is driving changes in organizations throughout the world. Companies are attempting to gain a competitive advantage, which can be provided by international expansion. Deciding whether to enter foreign markets and whether to develop plants or other facilities in other countries is no simple matter and many human resource issues surface. (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, and Wright; 534) Doing business globally requires that adaptations be made to reflect cultural and other factors that differ from country to country and from continent to continent. The nature and stability of political systems vary in character and stability, with contracts suddenly becoming unenforceable because of internal political factors. Human resource regulations and laws vary among countries in character and detail. In many countries in Western Europe, laws on labor unions and employment make it difficult to reduce the number of workers because required payments to ex-employees can be very high. Equal employment legislation exists to varying degrees. In some countries, laws address issues such as employment discrimination and sexual harassment. Cultural forces represent another important concern affecting international human resource management. Culture is composed of the societal forces affecting the values, beliefs, and actions of a distinct group of people. (Mathis & Jackson, 171) Cultural differences certainly exist between nations, but also between countries. Getting individuals from different ethic or tribal backgrounds to work together may be very difficult in some parts of the world. Culture is important to human resources for two reasons. It determines the other factors ? political-legal, economic, and education-human capital factors. Culture affects human capital, because if education is greatly valued by culture, then members of the community try to increase their human capital. (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, and Wright; 537) Economic conditions vary also from country to country. Many lesser-developed nations are receptive to foreign investment in order to create jobs for their growing populations. In man... ...en employers deal with the union they are dealing indirectly with the government. There is a greater tendency in Europe for salaried employees to be unionized. The global expansion of IHRIM is in direct support of IHRIM?s mission statement: ?To be, internationally, the leading association enabling customers to achieve strategic objective through the integration of information technology and human resource management.? (IHRIN, 05-29-2000) Works Cited Cherrington, David J., Laura Zaugg Middleton. An Introduction To Global Business Issues. http://www.elibrary.com HR Magazine. 06-01-1995 Internet available: http://www.ihrin.org/affiliates/index.cfm Mathis, Robert L., John H. Jackson. Human Resource Management.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Essential Perspectives. 1st edition. South-Western College   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Publishing. Cincinnati, 1999. Noe, Raymond A., John R. Hollenbeck, Barry Gerhart, and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Patrick M. Wright. Human Resource Management. Gaining A   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Competitive Advantage. 3rd edition. Irwin McGraw-Hull.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Boston, 2000. Sherman, Arthur, George Bohlander, and Scott Snell. Managing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Human Resources. 11th edition. South-Western College   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Publishing. Cincinnati, 1998.

The Debate Concerning Medical Marijuana Essay -- legalization of marij

In Nov. 1996 the people of the State of California approved proposition 215, the initiative that could make marijuana legally available as a medicine in the U.S. for the first time in 60 years. Under this initiative the government will not prosecute patients or their caregivers who possess or cultivate marijuana for medical treatment. The medical recommendation may be either written or oral and doctors cannot be penalized by the state of Arizona at the same time. However at this time it is still illegal to posses, administer, sell or use marijuana in any of the other 48 states across the U.S. Why haven’t the rest of the country followed the lead of these two states? What this paper attempts to do is provide an argument that it is immoral to deny seriously ill patients the right to use marijuana for medical purposes, and that the current misconceptions about marijuana have been grossly overstated. Basically I’m going to prove the marijuana has been given a bum rap. Currently there is question as to whither there is a valid use for marijuana for medicinal use. This question has been the spark for much controversy. â€Å"There is no evidence to prove marijuana’s use in chemotherapy. There are numerous alternative drugs that obviate the need to even pursue research on the subject.† Our course scientific research would give use a different opinion than the one above that current President Bill Clinton has stated above. Marijuana’s therapeutic uses are well documented in the modern scientific literature. Using either smoked marijuana or oral preparations of delta-9-THC (marijuana’s main active ingredient), researchers have conducted controlled studies. These studies demonstrate marijuana’s usefulness in â€Å"reducing nausea and vomiting, † â€Å"stimulating appetite, promoting weight gain, and diminishing intraocular pressure from glaucoma. † There is also evidence that smoked marijuana and/or TH C â€Å"reduce muscle spasticity form spinal chord injuries and multiple sclerosis, and diminish tremors in multiple sclerosis patients. † Other therapeutic uses for marijuana have not been widely studied. However, patients and physicians have reported that smoked marijuana have not been widely studied. However patients and physicians have reported that smoked marijuana â€Å"provides relief from migraine headaches, depression, seizures, insomnia, convulsion, and chronic pai... ...tion Act of 1994, Farmington, MA (20 October 1994 York, Sarah., â€Å"The Battle for Medical Marijuana† The Nation, v246 n1 p14 (Jan 6, 1997) Ibid.,Ibid., Grinspoon, L. and Bakalar, J.B., Marijuana: The Forbidden Medicine, Revised and Expanded Edition, New Haven: Yale University Press (1997) Morganthau, Tom, â€Å"The War over Weed†, Newsweek v129 n5 p20 (Feb. 3 1997) Ibid., p20 Mcwiliams Peter, â€Å"The General’s Loophole†, Playboy v46 n12 p61 (Dec. 1999) Benson, John., â€Å"From Marijuana To Medicine†, Issues in Science and Technology, v15 i3 p27 (Spring 1999) Grinspoon, Lester., â€Å"Prescribing the Forbidden Medicine†, Playboy, v45 n8 p42 (August 1998) Armentano, Paul., Could The FDA Approve Medical Marijuana?† High Times, n226 p40 (August 1998) Randall, R.C., Marijuana, Medicine and the Law, Washington, DC: Galen Press p27 (1986) Drug Reform Coordination Rist, Curtist., â€Å"Weed the People† People Weekly, v46 n17 p75 (Oct. 21 1996) Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics Act, Section 505 Randall, R.C., Cancer Treatment and Marijuana, Washington, DC: Galen Press (1990) Gingrich, N., â€Å"Legal Status of Marijuana,† Journal of the American Medical Association p247 (1982)

Shaping the 21st Century Government Revolution

Bill Clinton says that the government must shape a 21st century revolution. He carried on in his last state of the union address making all kinds of proposals ranging from healthcare, fighting crime and education to name a few. He says they must focus on the middle class, proposing a 350 billion dollar tax cut. But exactly how does he propose this shaping take place, and how will it effect our economy? I would like to focus on what he proposed for education. He says the government spends $15 billion a year in our schools. He proposes schools that show progress get rewarded for it. The way to do that is to bring in the best trained teachers, and by having more after school programs to help kids in problem areas. Also he says they need to make schools more up to date, by connecting all classrooms to the Internet. In 1994 only 3% of the classrooms had access now 90% of schools have at least one internet connection. Clinton wants to make the American dream affordable for everyone. By making pell grants larger, having more affordable student loans, hope scholarships, and education IRA's. It would make it more possible for people to go to college and get the education needed to get a good job and further themselves. Clinton says high school graduates that go on to college is up 10% from 1993. He proposed a $30 billion college opportunity tax cut. which means a tax deduction for up to $10,000 in college tuition costs. That would mean more people would be able to afford to go on to collegeNow all these things sound great right? But will it all be possible, and how will all these things affect our economy as we know it? Will it have a huge impact, and if so will it be good or bad? I do not think following though on these proposals will have a bad effect on the economy. If anything I think it will just strengthen the economy. If more people got a better education and were able to afford to go to college to make themselves even better. They would be more likely to find a better job or start a business of their own. If all those things took place then communities would grow stronger and cities would have more businesses which would make more and more jobs. And that would help to bring the poverty level down. There would be less people on welfare and it would probably cut the crime rate also. Now another issue that clinton brought up was health care. He had all kinds of ideas on how to spend money on healthcare but is it really worth it? In 1997 the children's health insurance program was passed. So far there are approximately 2 million children enrolled the goal there is 5 million. Also there are over 40 million Americans that don't have any insurance at all. A large portion of those are people between the ages of 55 and 65. Clinton says Medicare needs to be strengthened and modernized. In his budget he dedicates $400 billion to Medicare that will keep it solvent past 2025. Is all this government spending necessary? I don't think it is. They should make it a requirement for companies to have medical insurance for their employees. Then that would save them a lot of money that can go on other things. One more thing I would like to touch on is a proposal Clinton made on childcare. He says parents spend a quarter of their earnings on childcare. He says that the childcare tax credit should be up to $2,400 for people that make under $30,000 a year. He says that last year alone the government provided childcare for 2 million children. Now I am glad he says all these things about childcare but the simple fact is this, there are so many people that can't work because they can't afford childcare. And the only way they can get help to pay for it is if they are on welfare. Now to me that doesn't sound like the government is trying to help the average American move up or better themselves in that aspect that they try to help the people that really need it. Now taking that and putting it all together, it would make our country all together stronger if the government put money where it really needs to go instead of putting it in their own pockets. Which in all reality in the stretch of things we all know that's where it will end up.

Can Personality Be Changed Essay

The paper is very well conducted in my opinion because hey have looked at the in-between part of personality by examining acquired and changeable beliefs. They have seen that they underlie many patterns of adaptive functioning, and that they have unique implications for understanding personality development and personality change. There are a few different things that we have learned so far that support Dwecks argument. In chapter 3 page 42, it talks about Moral Development and how it changes the ability to decide what’s right and what’s wrong. When someone has to make decisions they go by what’s best for them and the way they chose what’s best or them is by what their personality can handle. In chapter 3 page 43 it says that in adolescence they go through physiological changes where the conflict with parents increase, they have mood swings, depressions becomes a factor, they encounter rule breaking behavior, and their peers become important. So during that age period is when the peers have a big influence on a teenager’s personality. Although there are many thing that I have learned that supports Dwecks argument there are also things that contradict her argument. On page 42 chapter 3 it states that people ages 12 and bove are capable of abstract thinking, comparing and classifying ideas, and thinking about future possibilities. So in those ages they tend to have a mind of their own and are less influenced by the people they are around. On august 7, 2010 they did a study on how personality is genetically enhanced. So with personality being passed down genetically it’s always in your genes and that it will be a part of you forever. If personality can be changed then how can it be in your genes? Personality is a personal trait that developed by your personal behaviors and utlooks on things. I personally like this article because I can relate to it. Being a teenager myself I notice how peers can have the biggest impact on how I may feel sometimes or may want to respond to certain situations. I also know that some people change around the different groups they hang around with. I know that the way people may act or boss, or parents. I personally don’t agree with the article that personality can be changed I think your personality can’t change I feel that you Just grow to be more mature and can determine what’s right and what wrong.

The Manipulation Of Immunoglobulin Architecture Essay

Immunoglobulins, produced by B-lymphocytes, are the chief go-betweens of humoral unsusceptibility, and lacks at this degree affect the organic structure ‘s response to infection. The use of Ig position in the intervention of human diseases consists of two chief paths that have the intent to augment the concentration and alter Ig in the affected host. On one manus lies the external disposal of human Ig in patients that are wholly lacking or compromised and are considered to profit widely from an endovenous extract. The other is the use of immunoglobulin production via indirect immunisation ( inoculation ) that forces the human organic structure to bring forth a series of Igs that are antigen specific for the peculiar antigen administered via the inoculation path. Immunosupression ( i.e. the lowering of the innate immune response ) has been widely used in malignant neoplastic disease therapeutics and is discussed last.IV ADMINISTRATION OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN ( inactive immunisation )T he U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) have approved endovenous auxiliary Ig interventions for a series of chiseled diseases such as: primary immunodeficiency, immune-mediated thrombopenia, Kawasaki disease, hematopoietic root cell organ transplant ( in patients & A ; gt ; 20 old ages ) , chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukaemia, and HIV in kids. However, Ig merchandises which are chiefly unfertile, purified Ig G ( IgG ) derived from a pool of givers ( normally 3,000-10,000 ) are besides normally used throughout the universe for the intervention of assorted other diseases such as idiopathic diseases ( unknown cause diseases such as perennial abortions ) and infections. The curative usage of Ig IV interventions consists chiefly of supplying with an increased protection versus infection for immunocompromised patients, may besides assist prevent patients with Kawasaki disease from developing coronary arteria aneurism or increase the figure of thrombocytes in patients who have life endangering idiopathic thrombopenia peliosis ( ITP ) and prolong sustaining of transplants in graft surgery ( Shehata et al, 2010 ) . However, the fact that the Ig is gathered through a pool of givers, poses a important infection menace to the infused persons. Although the hazard for HIV and Hepatitis B transmittal remains low due chiefly to obligatory proving since 1995, the hazard for acquisition of several other viruses and bacteriums, or even smaller life signifiers such as prions and mycoplasma is considered important ( Carbone, 2007 ) . Furthermore, the transfused Ig is non 100 % pure, since it frequently contains little sums of cytokines, CD4 cells, CD8 cells, and human leucocyte antigens ( HLA ) . All the above blood merchandises are known to bring forth and rarefy a important inflammatory reaction to the infused host, and presently the effects caused by these by merchandises of Ig interventions is non sufficiently elucidated. IgG has a half life in the circulation of about 21 yearss, so endovenous extracts of about 600 milligrams of IgG per kilogram organic structure weight given every 3 to 4 hebdomads maintain an IgG degree of about 500 mg/dl ( about 50 % of degrees in healthy grownups ( Quartier,1999 ) . Activation of inflammatory tracts by the extract procedure ( extract related reaction ) or by composites formed by antibody adhering within the receiver host seems a likely mechanism for the inauspicious effects mentioned above. The rate and badness of reactions to endovenous preparations of IgG are greatly reduced by decelerating the rate of extract and by administrating a prophylaxis with paracetamol and an antihistamine. However, its usage is still non accepted in many instances with the illustration of a Cochrane Systematic Review ( Ohlsson, 2010 ) that has late concluded that there is still deficient grounds to back up the everyday disposal of IVIG in babies with suspected or later proved neonatal infection. For instances such as primary lack where immunoglobulins act as replacing therapy and are perfectly indispensable for endurance, new IVIGs have been developed such as the Flebogamma 5 % IVIG intervention ( Ballow, 2009 ) , which is considered to further heighten the pathogen safety border due to pasteurisation and pore microfiltration.InoculationRecent progresss in inoculation include the betterment of viral-vector vaccinums that nowadays remain the best agencies to bring on cellular unsusceptibility and are demoing promise for the initiation of strong humoral responses. Targets range from certain types of malignant neoplastic disease to a huge array of infective diseases ( Draper and Heeney, 2010 ) . The chief job with this design is that the innate immune system readily recognises the viruses and viral vectors used in the vaccinum readying that renders this means insecure for wider usage, such as cistron therapy ( Huang, 2009 ) . The outgrowth of biological stuffs that can impact the immune system is a underdeveloped field aboard immunology. These stuffs can present antigens through specific intracellular tracts, leting tight control of the manner antigen presentation to T cells. Materials are besides being designed as adjuvants, to mime specific ‘hazardous ‘ signals in order to pull strings the attendant cytokine environment, which influences how antigens are farther interpreted by T cells. The development of contraceptive vaccinums against human papilomavirus has been hailed as one of the most important progresss of recent old ages by most communities and research workers and it is expected to dramatically cut down the mortality in HPV associated cervical and anal malignant neoplastic diseases, but has besides given rise to strict scientific argument ( Hampl, 2009 ) .IDIOTYPE VACCINATIONIn hematologic malignances, the spread of usage of a different type of inoculation is idiotype B-cell inoculation. Each patient ‘s B-cell malignance is normally derived from a individual expanded B-cell ringer, which expresses an Ig ( Ig ) with a alone idiotype ( Id, variable parts of Ig ) . Therefore, this idiotype can be regarded as possible mark in clinical malignant neoplastic disease inoculation attacks against the clonal B cell line. Currently it is a non-approved, experimental curative option for patients with lymphoma and myeloma. The pertinence of Id vaccinums for B-cell malignances such as chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, mantle cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma demands to be farther tested ( Inoges, 2010 ) .OTHER TYPES OF IMMUNOMODULATIONSystemic immunomodulation, besides known as accessory therapy, has been a intervention mode in a assortment of clinical diseases to hike the immune response even though the antigens are non ever known or are sick defined. Systemic immunomodulation often consequences in unwelcome effects, most notably autoimmune disease activation.The therapies include:InterferonIn the past several decennaries, IFN has emerged as a major curative mode for several malignant and non-malignant diseases, including hepatitis C, carcinoid tumours, hairy cell leukaemia, and Kaposi ‘s sarcoma. However, apart from the broad side-effect scope profile, IFN is besides found to bring on autoimmune responses with the production of autoantibodies chiefly autoimmune thyroid disease ( ATD ) and thyroiditis ( Kong et al, 2009 ) , ( Tomer, 2007 ) .Interleukin-2IL-2 is used for the intervention of metastatic melanoma. Similar to IFN, IL-2 has been reported to bring on the development of several autoimmune conditions, most notably ATD.Flt3 ligandTo heighten the immune response to a peptide vaccinum derived from a household member of human cuticular growing factor receptor ( Her-2/rat neu ) in prostate malignant neoplastic disease patients, human recombinant flt3 ligand, a growth/differentiation stimulator for dendritic cells, is used as a systemic adjuvant. It is unknown whether the Flt3 ligand can besides bring on autoimmunity.MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIESMonoclonal antibodies ( MoAbs ) have been introduced for the intervention of assorted malignant neoplastic diseases, and their ability to adhere to any specific mark within the organic structure is so used favorably in therapeutics to direct an immune response against the binding tissue site. A recent reappraisal has found little to no infective complications to their usage in ass orted types of malignances, although allogeneic in nature ( Rafailidis et al, 2007 ) .MentionsBallow M. Clinical experience with Flebogamma 5 % DIF: a new coevals of endovenous Igs in patients with primary immunodeficiency disease. Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 Sep ; 157 Suppl 1:22-5 Carbone J. Adverse reactions and pathogen safety of endovenous Ig. Curr Drug Saf. 2007 Jan ; 2 ( 1 ) :9-18. Draper SJ, Heeney JL. Viruses as vaccinum vectors for infective diseases and malignant neoplastic disease. Nat Rev Microbiol.2010 Jan ; 8 ( 1 ) :62-73. Hampl M. Prevention of human villoma virus-induced preneoplasia and malignant neoplastic disease by contraceptive HPV vaccinums. Minerva Med. 2007 Apr ; 98 ( 2 ) :121-30. Hartung HP, Mouthon L, Ahmed R, Jordan S, Laupland KB, Jolles S. Clinical applications of endovenous Igs ( IVIg ) — beyond immunodeficiencies and neurology. Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 Dec ; 158 Suppl 1:23-33 Huang X, Yang Y. Innate immune acknowledgment of viruses and viral vectors. Hum Gene Ther. 2009 Apr ; 20 ( 4 ) :293-301. Hubbell JA, Thomas SN, Swartz MA. Materials technology for immunomodulation. immunotherapy to immune dysregulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Jan ; 1183:222-36. Inoges S, de Cerio AL, Soria E, Villanueva H, Pastor F, Bendandi M. Idiotype vaccinums for human B-cell malignances. Curr Pharm Des. 2010 ; 16 ( 3 ) :300-7 Kereiakes D. , J.Essell, C.Abbottsmith, T.Broderick, J.Runyon ( 2010 ) Abciximab-associated profound thrombopenia: Therapy with Ig and thrombocyte transfusion The American Journal of Cardiology, Volume 78, Issue 10, Pages 1161-1163 Kong YC, Wei WZ, Tomer Y. Opportunistic autoimmune upsets: from Nature. 2009 Nov 26 ; 462 ( 7272 ) :449-60. Ohlsson A, Lacy J. Intravenous Ig for suspected or later proved infection in newborns. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Mar 17 ; 3: CD001239 Quartier P, Debre M, de Blic J, et Al. Early and drawn-out Ig replacing therapy in childhood agammaglobulinemia: a retrospective study of 31 patients. J Pediatr 1999 ; 134:589-595. Rafailidis PI, Kakisi OK, Vardakas K, Falagas ME. Infectious complications of monoclonal antibodies used in malignant neoplastic disease therapy: a systematic reappraisal of the grounds from randomized controlled tests. Cancer.2007 Jun ; 109 ( 11 ) :2182. Shehata N, Palda V, Bowen T, Haddad E, Issekutz TB, Mazer B, Schellenberg R, Warrington R, Easton D, Anderson D, Hume H. The usage of Ig therapy for patients with primary immune lack: an evidence-based pattern guideline. Transfus Med Rev. 2010 Jan ; 24 Suppl 1: S28-50. Shehata N, Palda VA, Meyer RM, Blydt-Hansen TD, Campbell P, Cardella C, Martin S, Nickerson P, Peltekian K, Ross H, Waddell TK, West L, Anderson D, Freedman J, Hume H. The usage of Ig therapy for patients undergoing solid organ organ transplant: an evidence-based pattern guideline. Transfus Med Rev. 2010 Jan ; 24 Suppl 1: S7-S27.

A person who influeneced me Essay

  When reflecting on personal influences in my life, no one has had a greater impact than my father. He is and always continues to be a positive role model as a father. He always stands by my side, and whenever I fall down, he encourages me to stand up by myself and on my own feet. He has a huge impact on the way I become a person today. He has influenced my life by teaching me the lessons and showing me the right behavior and wrong behaviors In the description of my father. It is evident that language and language diversity plays a large role in critical thinking and expressions. Creative writers have the power to make the ordinary unique and the unique ordinary. My father taught me the most important lesson: how to be a man. I still remembered the day that my father sat next to me and said that â€Å"Listen son, the most important thing to help you become the successful person is your honesty. Never lie to anyone and never lie to yourself†. Read more:  Essay the person I admire is my mother After saying that, he slowly explained the value of honesty. He showed me that every bad situation in the world began with a lie. When a person steals something, he lies to the law, or when a husband cheats on his wife, he lies to his wife. My father often tells me that being a man means facing the truth. I always think back on those words when I get into trouble. My father’s teachings were a cure for my selfishness. He taught me to consider everyone as a part of my family and taught me how to love people by sharing and giving. I believe that the biggest fantasy in life is to buy someone something he really needs and watch his facial expression. From my place I am thankful for everything he taught me. He taught me things that I need or was going to in life. I am what I am because of him and whatever I will achieve in my life will be credited to him. I believe that my father will always be with me even after his soul leaves his body; he will be there through his teachings that I believe are my duty to pass on to my children.

Children spend too much time playing computer games Essay

Agree or disagree: Your job has greater happiness than your social life. With the past decades witnessing a great leap in the development of the society, we are now attaching great importance to the sense of happiness which can bring us power, arouse our enthusiasm for loving life, and help us to create a promising future. While some people consider jobs provide us with greater happiness, I bolster that our social life can achieve it better. Admittedly, our job brings happiness, as it can meet both our material and spiritual needs. We will realize our self value and social value in our work, thus meeting our spiritual needs. For example, when it comes to men like Bill Gates, charity work reaches new levels of generosity and commitment. Well-known for founding the Bill Melinda Gates Foundation while also contributing to many other causes, Gates is not only one of the wealthiest men in the world-he is also one of the most giving. I’m fully convinced by the instance that one can gain happiness from work. However, a healthy relationship with our friends is the source of happiness and harbor of our heart. Communication with friends could help us get away from the pressure in our work. When we are in blue, we can talk with our friends, thus extricating ourselves from morbid emotions and even solving problems. Besides, some group work like singing, dancing and playing basketball together help us totally relaxed. Last but not the least, by engaging in social life, we can befriend people from all walks of life. Thus, we can enlarge our social networking and have a happier life. For instance, author Michael Lewis said at a speech:† One night I was invited to a dinner, where I sat next to the wife of a big shot at a giant Wall Street investment bank, called Salomon Brothers. She more or less forced her husband to give me a job. â€Å"Then he was so happy that he got a fantastic job and wrote the book Liar’s Poke which was a hit to the country. If he did not take part in the dinner, he would never have become so successful and delightful. It is a hot issue that do you agree or disagree that your job has greater  happiness than your social life does? Admittedly, your job provides opportunities(opportunities) for you to earn money and gain high career(status). However, can we say that job gives more happiness than social life does? Perhaps not; job also brings us about the deep pressure and deprives the leisure staying with friends. Despite various perspectives people hold on this controversial topic, I, given this choice, prefer to assert that social life has happiness than job does. My point of view, involves the fundamental and deep discussion(s) as follows. In the first place, Social life brings us lots of happiness and leisure when staying with our friends. Both common sense and our experiences from our daily life inform us that friends are very familiar with us, and we can gain lots (of) happiness with them. Take me as an example, in my spare time I often invite my friend to go outdoors. We often go to the Starbucks Coffee and enjoy our hobby that she most likes mocha and(while) latte is myfavorite. There are also tens (of) tastes of cookies worthy to try. Most important, they are not very expensive. We oftensite(sit) outside, enjoying our happiness, talking to each other and playing chess. We both enjoy the leisure time and feel much happy. But how can it’s going when you doing your job, you must bear the pressure coming from high quality assignments(assignments with high quality requirements). Apparently, it’s(it is) indisputable that social life brings us more happiness. In addition, an equally essential and compelling argument that deserves people’s attention is that social life enlarges our social relationships(relationship net) net and give(s) us many chances to improve ourselves. One only need to look at that in the last vacation, I participated into a social party with my parents, just as a big dinner with different people. A brother sitting nearby me kept talking with me and was very interesting. He got to know that I was a student preparing Toefl exam and had many difficulties. And(Fortunately) he was just a teacher from New Oriental School. He gave me many instructions about the listening, speaking, reading and writing learning. Then he gave me many valuable Toefl material(s)after the dinner. I followed his advice and improved my  English. If I didn’t(did not) join the dinner, can I gain the improvement? Of course not. I felt happy not only because of the improvement of the English study but also because of the enlargement of the social relationships net(relationship net). Admittedly, it is probably true that we can achieve the money and advancement from the job. But we also experience the high pressure and complex relationship with colleagues. What’s more, if we get caught in the sophisticated relationship, wewon’t(will not) be happy any more. When the advantage and disadvantage (are) carefully examined, the more striking conclusion is apparent that social life brings us more happiness than job does. To sum up, although some people might still (be) unconvinced. But the reasons and factors I have analyzed make them more aware of the dimensions under discussions. There is little doubt that more and more people realize that social life has more happiness. The lecture and the passage give contradictory opinions on the topic of the function of â€Å"great houses† of Chaco Canyon. The passage explains that there are three competing theories about their function, while the lecture provides several counterarguments to this view. First, the professor challenges the idea expressed in the reading passage that the great structure purely for people to live. He argues that it is impossible for the structure to be residential although it looks like the later American apartment from outside. Because the house is so great that it could be capacity of more than a hundred families, while only around ten fireplaces have been found, which means it couldn’t serve so many people for their daily cooking. Second, the passage suggests that the Chaco structures were used for grain storage while the lecture says that no trace of spilled maize or containers have been found, so they could not been used to store food. This is where the speaker disagrees with the write Finally the lecture apparently refutes the point illustrated in the passage that the house was for ceremonies. According to the professor, there are lots of materials besides broken pots have been found, such as sands, stones, even construction tools, which provides good evidence that the pots may be the leftover from the meals of the construction worker, and which further proved that the house may be not used for ceremonies

Strategic Management - Southwest airlines Term Paper

Strategic Management - Southwest airlines - Term Paper Example The company’s success rests on the key pillars of value creation for its customers as well as employees. Of the entire strategic management, Southwest Airline’s key role in strategic human resource management has been an integral part. The company uses the words â€Å"LUV† and â€Å"FUN† to describe its relationship with employees as well as the deeper culture of the organization. Southwest believes in endowing employees with high respect as well as providing them with an environment that best supports their willingness to work. The company’s low turnover rates and high levels of productivity are indicators of its success. Another significant aspect of the company’s strong strategic position is its management of organization’s capabilities and resources. In this process, part of the value that is created for employees is translated into value addition for the shareholders and customers. Southwest’s source of competitive advantage lies in its delivery of value for money which is a combination of low operational costs and superior levels of customer satisfaction and service. The company, hence, is a model of generation of value through people as suggested by Porter in his studies. Hence, the notion of strategic management at Southwest has been a product of several factors which are best explained as a cycle of events. Firstly, the company succeeds at value creation for its workers which translates to high levels of motivation. Secondly, the company uses the motivation produced by this in order to implement processes that reduce cost and enhance service. Third, the company succeeds at capturing value by offering both low cost and high levels of customer service better than its competitors.... Secondly, the company uses the motivation produced by this in order to implement processes that reduce cost and enhance service (Hallowell, 1996). Third, the company succeeds at capturing value by offering both low cost and high levels of customer service better than its competitors (Hallowell, 1996). The competitors of Southwest have been traditionally associated with hub and spoke networks that enhanced barriers to entry in the 1980’s along with advanced customer relationship management via segmentation and computerized systems (Hallowell, 1996). Research has suggested that mere â€Å"contestability† is not a sufficient condition for strategic management of airlines (Bailey, Graham, & Kaplan, 1986). Contestability is basically the failure of an airline to remain competitive at a particular route simply because there are no barriers to entry and its competitors can easily enter the route to capture the profits (Bailey, Graham, & Kaplan, 1986). The case of Southwest dem onstrates that clearly the company needed a lot more than mere contestability in order to sustain its strategic advantage over the years. This leads to the premise that the high motivational levels of employees made a crucial role in the strategic management initiatives at Southwest. The company’s core target was to offer airline services at the lowest possible costs, even if that means competition with automobiles. The target customer of Southwest is typically a customer who wants warm, co operative staff as well as superior interaction, response all at a low fare. The aim is, therefore, to offer more for less money rather than less for less money. This has clearly differentiated Southwest from its

UK Airports Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

UK Airports Industry - Essay Example Looking at the above facts, it is clear that the airport industry forms an integral part of the economy of UK. The objective of the current report is to present a competitive analysis on the UK Airport Industry. The demand and supply conditions of the airport sector of UK will be analysed in terms of location and concentration. Entry and exit barriers will help in determining industry attractiveness and future trends. The report will also take an account of competitive structures surrounding the firms operating under the UK Airport Industry. The report will also throw light on anti-competitive behaviour within the industry. UK has a history of pre-developed commercial airports located near ex-military airfields. As such, number of airports in UK has grown substantially over years. Majority of these airports are for commercial operations. Most of these airports are located near high population regions such as, North West and North East England, which also lessens distance between them. Concentration and location of UK airports also indicates easy access to majority of population. For instance, almost 70 percent of the total UK population can reach airport within one hour. Also, the average gap between two to three airports across UK is 2 hours. Industry experts suggest that these airports might grow or shrink in future. At the same time, airport trends suggest otherwise. For instance, Durham Airport had served around 0.2 million people in 2010, compared to 0.9 millions in 2006 (Marchant, 2007). Hence, it can be said that while the number of airports have increased significantly, customers count have gra dually declined. These can be attributed to the increased competition due to close proximity, more choices among passengers, ease of travel and services offered by different airports. There are multiple ownership structures in case of UK airports, including wholly private, public-private, local government and mixed ownership. An example of

Organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizations - Essay Example The actions carried out by the organization are aimed towards preventative measures and strengthening the healthcare systems. The program is has an aggressive approach in fighting the current prevalent diseases in Africa which would be considered an emergency in developed countries. To be more specific, one of the main causes of death in Africa is HIV/AIDS. Approximately 68% of the entire AIDS infected population in the world resides in Sub Saharan Africa. However, only 10% of these individuals are offered the appropriate access to anti-retroviral drugs. The African community also has a problem of drug resistant strains of TB. The main killer of African children is Malaria, whist approximately 5Â  000 children are living with diarrhea at any given time. African women are also at a risk of 1:16 of dying during their pregnancy. Comparing these figures with developed countries shows the urgency of the matter and will help illustrate the approaches taken by AMREF in addressing these pro blems. The organization has started awareness campaigns and free testing facilities in an attempt to prevent new infections of HIV and reducing the progression of the disease in individuals who are already infected. Awareness campaigns have also been created among HIV patients about tuberculosis as early intervention prevents further spread. Specifically, the organization educates the community about the main symptoms, stages of the disease and diagnostic procedures. To reduce the occurrence of malaria the organization has donated mosquito nets and repellents and also educated people on the symptoms and signs of malaria. In an attempt to reduce the number of deaths due to delivery and complicated pregnancies, the organization has improved the education on maternal health. To prevent the spread of water borne diseases the organization has improved the level of education on water safety and sanitation. The above mentioned approaches may appear as non emergency actions; however, one mu st consider that the organization is based in a developing country. Education is the first step in improving health and preventing certain diseases and this aspect of healthcare is not fully developed in these countries. Therefore, the emergency approach would be too increase people’s knowledge as treatment provision alone is insufficient in alleviated the above mentioned health issues. As mentioned above, the organization is located in Africa and currently has establishments in 30 countries. These offices have several different functions which include technical support, laboratories, on- ground projects and training. The organization also has supporting offices in Europe and North America whose main function is to provide financial support for the African branches. As illustrated above, the main functions of the organization are educating purposes and targeted at developing countries. Therefore, in a usual emergency crisis the organization will not intervene. If the situatio n was serious and required the involvement of many healthcare organizations AMREF would be influential in spreading the message across the country. However, other modes of intervention in the United States would also be inhibited by the fact that the organiza

Risk evaluation and calculation for a company. Importance of risk Essay

Risk evaluation and calculation for a company. Importance of risk evaluation while taking investment decisions - Essay Example In order to illustrate the complexities of risks involved, the subject of evaluation shall be a multinational company, principally located in an emerging Asian country, but producing an internationally marketed product. While the foreign firm boasts a fundamentally sound business, the fact that it involves investment in another country requires consideration of the various risks. A UK-based investment fund is considering investing in the Asian emerging market. It is considering SMCorp, a food and beverage company principally located in the Philippines. Its main product is the globally renowned San Miguel Beer which had won numerous prestigious international awards. SMCorp has expanded its operations abroad and established breweries located in China, Malaysia, and South America. The Philippine currency has an exchange rate of about PhP69:Â £1, within the past year varying between PhP73:Â £1 and PhP68:Â £1. SMCorp stock is sufficiently liquid and is a favourite among global funds that decide to invest in the Philippines, because of its excellent company fundamentals and steady rate of return. The company regularly declares a uniform stream of annual dividends and exhibits a strong cashflow pattern. Its stock price has a beta coefficient of 0.8. Its 52-week per-share figures are a high of PhP 61 and a low of PhP 38; it is currently at PhP 41. Being in the co nsumer food and beverage industry, demand for SMCorp’s products are consistent even during economic downturns, and sales are brisk locally and abroad. Risk, as applied to investments, is the probability of earning a return less than the expected return (Brigham, 1996). Investors are usually risk-averse; that is, investors will as much as possible try to avoid chances of earning below expected income, moreso chances of loss. Investors who do not assume more than the prevailing

Language Evolution and Syntactic Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8500 words

Language Evolution and Syntactic Theory - Essay Example Category one and two combine when considering that the "universal characteristics of language may be so because they are aspects that make it more easily acquirable."2 The evolutionary nature of language is a new category of investigation that attempts to determine what occurred in our ancestral lineage that gave rise to a form of communication that is distinct from other species. This category involves genetics, paleontology, and archaeology. However, whereas these studies benefit from a rich fossil record, evolutionary linguistics suffers from a lack of evidence. To overcome these shortcomings, linguists often make use of studies in the four categories already discussed. However, Kinsella's research is unique in that it will not rely on the four categories. Instead, she utilizes evidence from evolutionary studies that will shed a critical light on the theory of linguistics. The essential argument Kinsella makes is that this research is a step in developing a more unified theory of linguistics. This is much like psycholinguistics or neurolinguistics before it, which incorporate diverse disciplines in founding new conclusions. Kinsella frames the current discussion on language within syntactic theory. She criticizes these theories for relying on theories that are based only in linguistics and don't incorporate multi-disciplinary perspectives in their analysis. She contends that syntactic theory needs to be critiqued not merely as a means of recording observable data. In addition, syntactic theory must also be critiqued as a theory of language that must be consistent with theories in other fields. While she acknowledges that there are many competing syntactic theories, the research focuses on the Minimalist Program and contrasts it with theories in evolutionary biology to test its validity. It's notable that the analysis focuses the validity of the linguistic side and not the biological side. This seems to be due to the foundational role evolutionary biology plays in the Minimalist Program. Also, there is a continued view of linguistic philosophy as a 'soft' science. Kinsella is vague in distinguishing the exact specifications of the Minimalist Program. She writes that, "...syntactic theory tells usthat the grammatical structure of language is the mediator between signal and meaning"3 and references Chomsky as privileging the internal aspects of language over the external. While she discusses the MP's emphasis on creativity within syntactic structures, it seems that she is ultimately positioning it as a strongly internal theory of languag

How Insurance Fraud and Abuse Affect the Community Essay

How Insurance Fraud and Abuse Affect the Community - Essay Example Through this, the instructor will have a brief idea of the perceptions that the learners have on insurance fraud, then reframe their ideas to produce a comprehensive discussion of the fraud. Secondly, the use of questions will help the learners think. As seen in the research conducted by Schoeberlein (2009), the use of questions has been fundamental in the teaching process. In the case of insurance fraud, the instructor may ask the learners to categorize different forms of insurance and how they think the same will impact their society. The instructor may then connect the ideas of the learners with real facts that will help the learners make sense of the course contents. The questions will also help the learners synthesize, make comparisons and even make generalizations on the course contents. Since a classroom comprises of different learners as Schoeberlein (2009) indicates, and fraud involves diverse forms as Beik (2012) writes, it is the role of the instructor to design the classroom in such a manner that will attract the attention of different learners. Evidently, insurance matters are complex and sensitive especially to the overall community especially in terms of increasing the funds the taxpayer pay from an increase in the premium pay (Green, 2012). The examples of insurance fraud are also myriad as Green (2012) writes. The fraud cases range from provider fraud that involves altering medical records, member fraud that involves giving wrong information to Medicare fraud that entails billing drugs that were not used and even sale of Medicare prescription card (Green, 2012). In this context, the instructor may categorize the learners based on their abilities, and teach each of the groups according to their learning speed. For instance, the fast learners may learn on th eir own through role play, while the slow learners may learn through a step by step process with the help of their instructor.

Similarities and Differences in Tourist Attractions in Northerrn and Essay

Similarities and Differences in Tourist Attractions in Northerrn and Southern California - Essay Example Northern and Southern California are the leading travel destination in California. Both regions have tourist attractions, which attract tourists throughout the year (94). However, Northern California has more destinations as compared to Southern California in terms of parks and Gold mining. Therefore, although California is a  prime  tourist destination in the United States, Northern California contributes more to the tourism industry as compared to the Southern California. This paper compares and contrasts Northern and Southern California in terms of their similarities and differences in entertainment, tourist attractions, and lifestyles. In Northern California, in El Dorado County, Coloma, Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park is an  outstanding  tourist attraction. The park is situated 18 miles in the south of Auburn, or on Highway 49, 9 miles on the Northern part of Placerville (95). The park has tree-lined streets, which are  quiet  all year long. A significant number of visitors visit the park in summer or for any special events in the year. One of the  memorable  events that attract visitors is the  yearly  commemoration of the gold discovery of 1848 in every January (96-7). The park attractions sites include buildings that have continued to exist from the gold rush, trails, picnic areas, and a replica of Sutter's Mill. In addition, the Gold Discovery Museum signifies gold-rush-era exhibits that include mining tools and other memorabilia (98). The park  is opened  daily while the buildings and museum  are opened  daily except on Christmas, New Year day, and Thanksgiving Day. Gold Bug Park is another tourist attraction in Northern California. The park  is situated  in Placerville; 1 mile north of Highway 50 on Bedford Avenue (99). The park’s outstanding characteristic is the Gold Bug Mine, which is a  tiny, hard rock gold mine. The Gold Bug Mine contains two lighted streams, which are accessible to the  com munity  for self-guided trips. The streams are 147 feet and 362 feet correspondingly (100). In Addition, there are gift shop hill-walking trails, historical museum of the public area,  stamp  mill and picnic sites. The Empire Mine State Historic Park found in the Northern California, Nevada County, is also a tourist attraction. Grass valley is where the park  is situated. In California, the Empire Mine  is recognized  as the biggest, highest and the deepest operating hard rock mine. The mine produces about 6 million ounces of bullion (102). Mine’s buildings, restored gardens and the vendors’  residence  surround the park. In addition, it has trails of 10 miles. The park offers travels of the owner’s  home  and the  mine’s  home. In addition, Malakoff Diggins State Historic Park attracts a significant number of tourists in Northern California. The park  is located  26 miles northeast of Nevada City on North Bloomfield Road (103) . The park has  enormous  cliffs as a result of  mighty  streams water that washes the entire mountains for miners to find gold. In addition, the park has a 7,847-foot  bedrock  passageway that  acts  as a drain. The  tourist  centre comprises displays on life in the old mining town of North Bloomfield (104-5). South Yuba River State Park is also a tourist attraction in northern California. The park  is situated  5 miles in the Northern city of Nevada. It extends along more than twenty miles of the South Yuba River

Teen Eating Disorders Essay Example for Free

Teen Eating Disorders Essay The teenage community today is based on the views and opinions of society. Though this may seem harmless on the outside, these opinions have become the poison apple of today’s culture, tearing teenagers lives apart. Specifically, teenagers are falling to eating disorders due to the pictures and habits in the everyday community. Large billboards of flawless models, magazines with dieting tips and get-skinny schemes flood the minds of teenage girls and boys, imprinting the thought that they are obligated to look perfect. Eating disorders have very serious health risks, which can be aided by extensive treatment. Specific habits and signs can identify each disorder. The signs of anorexia nervosa and bulimia are vastly different. Girls that suffer from Anorexia tend to be perfectionists who want to control the amount of food consumed, where Bulimics tend to eat large amounts of food and purge the calories consumed. In anorexia, girls will start â€Å"Wearing baggy clothing, or clothing inappropriate for the season (long sleeves on a hot day)† (Is Your Child Showing Signs of an Eating Disorder?, PR Newswire). This is due to their need to hide the extreme amount of weight loss. Bulimics will hide their purges by spending a lot of time in the bathroom and running the water to cover the sound. Girls with these disorders are sneaky and manipulative. They will go great lengths to hide what they are doing. Although the person that is affected will be in denial these signs are easy to spot and more noticeable then they think. Some times these signs are what can save a persons life. Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia are detrimental to the human body. Anorexia can lead to dizzy spells, irregular menstrual cycles, hair loss and breakage and eventually death. Bulimia can lead to damaged teeth, rips in esophagus, sores in the mouth and eventually death as well. The health risks are beyond physical but mental as well. Girls with eating disorders almost always have another psychiatric disorder. Some can suffer from depression and anxiety. Eating disorders are often classified as a â€Å"Dual Diagnosis†. With the correct treatment, both disorders can be reversed. It is important for the patient to recognize their symptoms and realize that they are not alone in their situation. Parental support is normally the most important factor in recovery â€Å"The most important thing a parent can do is listen, says Susan McClanahan, Ph.D., a clinical psychologist who specializes in the treatment of anorexia and bulimia.† Treatment is the best answer and is an important step to recovery. Recovery is a slow process that needs a lot of understanding and patience. If the treatment is rushed the patient is more likely to fall back into old habits and relapse. These disorders should been taken seriously watched for in girls of all ages. The ages of teenagers affected by the disorders varies greatly. â€Å"In the United States, as many as 10 in 100 young women suffer from an eating disorder.† (The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.) Due to societies pressure for perfection, the battle with each disorder is in many cases deadly. With the right treatment, severe health risks can be reversed and the disorder will begin to fade, as the signs of a healthy individual will shine through. PR Newswire (2012). Is Your Child Showing Signs of an Eating Disorder? Journal of Business and Economics. http://aacap.org/page.ww?name=Teenagers+with+Eating+Disorders §ion=Facts+for+Families

Coca Cola Stakeholder Report

Coca Cola Stakeholder Report Goodstein, Nolan, and Pfeiffer states in their book that A mission defines the organisation existence and it covers four areas, firstly what is the purpose, for whom, how and why organisation exists. A mission statement provides framework to the organisation in which it will operate. A profit oriented organisation purpose is to satisfy needs of market and for non-profit oriented organisation it is to serve for community. For whom will be the customer of organisation and in non profit organisation the community at large. How covers the strategy the organisation will pursue in providing quality product or service to its potential customers. The answer of why of profit oriented organisation would be maximisation of profit and achieving growth by seizing new opportunities. A non-profit organisation has no concern with profit and focus on providing service to community. Organisation culture is belief, attitude and values. It provides basis for the way organisation will perform its activit ies. Values are important part of organisation and it sets organisation traits, its actual and required competence and quality of work. Its gives foundation for decision making, guidance of how work will perform, what kind of people are needed and areas needed more care. Values are basis of organisation decision. (Goostein, Nolan, Pfeiffer 1993) Organisation performs value scanning and stakeholders for effective decision making. Stakeholder holds powers and can significantly influence organisation decision. Stakeholders include shareholders, employee, customer, community, lenders, suppliers and Government. Shareholders and lenders can effect decision of organisation as they have significant interest and power. Second important stakeholder is customers of organisation and holder tremendous power and interest. Thirdly, the employees that require proper salaries and benefits against their services. All three stakeholders can influence the decision of organisation; therefore organisatio n should perform stakeholder analysis before making strategic decision to achieve its long term objectives. Typically organisation objectives are long term gaols which it wants to achieve. Normally those are maximisation of wealth of shareholders, providing quality products and increase in market share. As from the case of Coca Cola, its objectives includes Market leader in its industry Worldwide growth Provide reliable and quality product In order to achieve those objective, it has values which is based on teamwork, precision and bringing together its employee to strive to achieve its objectives. Objective of Three Stakeholders Coca cola has achieved the objectives of its three important stakeholders Customers, it has provided quality product to its customers and put forward customers trust at top priority. Coca Cola has heavily invested in its research and development area to produce high quality beverages. Employees, it has recognised its employees as an asset and understand the fact that a motivated employee strives for the growth of the company. It has taken different measures to satisfy its employees needs and provide them route to communicate and express their feelings. Shareholders, they want high return on their investment. As it is apparent from the growth and development of coca cola. It is working hard to maximise the wealth of shareholder. 1.3 Strategies employed by organisation and Government as stakeholder Its organisation is responsible to develop strategies to meet stakeholders objective. Every stakeholder has different set of objectives associated with the organisation. The interest of shareholders is maximisation of wealth and company growth. It is appearent from the case that Coca cola has achieved significant growth over the years and expand its business world as it serving customers over 200 countries and product range is 400 non aphonic beverages. Customers want value for money. Coca cola research and development has produced product to meet the demand of customers and marketing development has increased over the years. Coca cola adhere that customers trust is vital for the success of organisation. Coca cola has been meeting the legal and regulatory requirement nationally and internationally. In any business Government is always a major stakeholder as it holds significant power to disrupt organisation plans. So its necessary for organisation to prepare its strategies in compliance with law and regulations. Employees are major stakeholders of organisation; organisation should prepare strategies for training and development of its human resource and provide opportunity to excel. 2.1 Economic system and use of resources The central economic problem is shortage of resource, which includes land, labour and capital. It arises due to high human demand, scarcity does not arrive itself it is human wants and desire who brought them. Some of the resources problems are solved by the introduction of new technology as a substitute, where as other resource are still limited (Dhillon 2007) Economic system is concerned with effective use of resources. Economic system depends on the availability of resources and its demands. The types of economic system are as follow. Command system All resources are controlled by the government itself. Government prepare plans for resource allocation for industry and people. In this system government is owner of resources and make decision for what is needed to produce and way to produce. Free market economic system: In this decision are made by private individuals and industrialist. All resources are owned by private individuals. In a pure free market there would be no government involvements. America is biggest example of it where all resources are owned by firms. Capitalism is the astounding belief that the wickedest of men, will do the wickedest of things for the greatest good of everyone. (Keynes 2000) Mixed Economic System In mixed economic system some resources are controlled and owned by government and some resources are managed by private firm. This is very famous system and it combines the characteristics of both systems. Transitional economies In this system, it is changing from planned to free economy and involve market decide the price and barriers of trade are removed. 2.2 Social welfare and industrial initiatives Social welfare policies include health, education, social works, education, pension scheme and housing schemes. Theaker (2004), states in his book that there are different types of rules developed by societies. These rules provides framework for an organisation in preparing its strategies. The objective behind rules and policies are that organisation should be proactive. It implies that organisation should be not focused on self interest and work for the benefit of its employees, community at large etc. Moore (2002), states in his book that the government is responsible for unemployment, employee housing and wage levels. Government hold power and should prepare policy to protect the community. Social welfare involves equal distribution of wealth. If wealth is distributed equally then there will be no poverty. Social welfare has strong history in UK; the government has prepared different laws and policies to protect citizens of UK which includes the poor law 1834, the welfare state in Britain 1948, housing policy, education policy etc. Industrial policy Industrial policy concerned with growth and development. Its objectives are Sustainable growth of industry Raise in employment rate Efficient and effective use of Human resource development Country growth and development in making it world player UK five productivity drivers are (Budget 2005) Increasing competition Enterprise promotion by minimising barriers to entry Research and development Skills and competence Investment decision These policies and measures can significant impacts on industry and organisation to achieve growth and development. Government strives to promote and protect its industry and community by making effective laws and policies. 2.3 Macroeconomics policy and influence of global economy Macroeconomics policy measures and control output, spending and income. Country national income provide basis for measuring the output, spending and income which helps to draw monetary and fiscal policy. Fiscal policy It has detrimental impact on consumer buying decision. Fiscal policy is used as tool to control government spending, demand level, output and taxation. A rise in income tax and NI will affect the income after tax and more they work and more they will pay tax and vice versa. A change in tax will affect pattern of demand of customer. Increase in duty will reduce the buying as in case of Cigarettes. Government subsidies are used to improve the production capacity and growth of industry to increase employment rate and government revenue. Monetary Policy of UK A monetary policy involves that the government changes the base rate to change the growth rate and aggregate demands. Monetary policy used as a measure to control inflation, interest rate and supply of money. In UK the monetary policy is managed by Bank of England that is responsible for controlling inflation, price stability and to provide growth and employment. Influence of global economy Globalisation and international trade has changed the direction of industry. Earlier organisation has to compete nationally, now it has to compete with international player and that has overall structure of industry. The ultimate benefit goes to the end users in terms of low prices due to competition. Globalisation has increased the level of uncertainty among domestic producer. Product development, marketing and prices are changing rapidly due to international trade. Government has put significant attention in drawing fiscal and monetary policy to cope with such uncertainties which could lead them to either inflation or recession. The economic decision about what to produce and how to produce and to whom to produce becomes a matter of judgement and need flexibility in it. 3.1 Market structure Market structures are as follow Perfect market Imperfect market Perfect market Wessels express in his books about the conditions that lead to a perfect competition market which are Extensive numbers of companies are operating in the market Many substitutes are available to customers Buyers knows the prices of every supplier to make rational decision Easy exits are available to companies In perfect market structure buyers can insert pressure on companies. Globalisation and international trade has changed the structure of industry all over the world. There are so many buyers and produces are available and high competition in the market. Imperfect market In imperfect market, there is few number of producer and hold significant power to insert pressure on consumer. In this structure, consumer has limited number of choices to buy product. Organisation can change the price and make high margin profit out of it. In imperfect market it has different types, Monopoly Mankiw (2006) states, A monopolist can impose the price of product. Customers have no other choice except the buying from the single producer. Consumer prefers to have perfect competition where there is large number of suppliers. It can change prices any time as it is a sole producer of product. Oligopoly Mankiw (2006), It is simplest form, in which there are few sellers in the market and producing, offering the same products which are very much identical in nature and durability. Monopolist competition Mankiw (2006), It is almost similar to the oligopoly, there are few seller in the market and producing the same product but in this products are not identical in nature. In this structure all firms are having monopoly in its particular products and competing with each other over same customer base. Duopoly It is simplest form of oligopoly, in this both producer coordinate with each other and decide the price and output and make changes accordingly. 3.2 market forces and organisation response Organisation is a separate entity and it is subject to influence of external environment. The market forces includes customer demand, change in taste of customer, each party holds some power to influence organisation decision. It can Supply and demand Economist focused on Supply and demand. These are main forces in the economy that make market works. Supply and demand determines the price and quantity to be produced. High demand lead to a rise in price, as company has to increase its capacity to meet the demand of market. The demand of commodity is influenced by customer taste, customer perception, income, price of related product, expectations of customers and quantity demanded. Elasticity The behaviour of demand and price has direct relationship with supply. A rise in demand will directly impact on relative decrease in supply and which lead the demand at par. Similarly a rise in demand will lead to relative rise in price. Customer perception and actions It has strong influence on buying and selling of product. A buyer is itself a seller. A buyer wants a product at low price and sells it at a high price and again the buyer or end user wants to buy product at low price. The buying behaviour strongly influenced the product price and product. In a perfect competition market its makes more competitive and lead to price war and heavy marketing activity. Monitory and fiscal policy Change in monetary and fiscal policies significantly impact organisation operations and its policies and which also lead to rise in product price. Response Supply for product A rise in demand put pressure on organisation to provide the required supply. Where organisation doesnt have spare capacity of production it will require a high investment in manufacturing. Economy of scale A certain rise in demand provides opportunity to achieve economy of scale by producing more products to meet the market demand and enjoy the benefit of economy of scale. Working capital A certain rise or fall in demand put pressure on organisation working capital. Organisation holding, transportation and storage costs are significantly influence by the rise or fall in demand. 3.3 Competitive Strategies Porter 1998 states that organisation prepares its strategy to distinct itself from its competitors to gain competitive advantage such strategies able an organisation to provide different set of values to its customers. According porter generic competitive strategies, Organisation can gain competitive advantage and it can outperform its competitor as being A low cost producer It involves producing goods at low cost, achieving economy of scale and cost cutting by lowering marketing, product development cost and responding to the market requirement. A differentiator Differentiation can be achieved by producing innovative product, increasing promotion and making brand image. A focus It involves dealing at lower level by identifying a niche market and producing product according to the requirement of specific market. Every company focus on achieving competitive advantage to outperform its competitor which often lead organisation to price war, heaving investment in promotions and pursuing wrong practices to capture market and gain growth. Role of Competition commission and regulatory bodies The role of competition commission is determined by stature, it is concerned with investigating and reporting on wrong practices. The main objective is to overcome incorrect practices of companies in gaining market share and making profits and forcing fair trading policies and anticompetitive practices. (Seven 2001) 4.1 Importance of International trade International trade and globalisation has brought significant advantages. This includes Balance of Payments International trade has allowed countries to improve their balance of payments. Lower production cost Production cost in developing countries is lower due to low labour cost, raw material as compare to UK, USA or European countries and international trade has allowed them to get advantage of lower production cost. Comparative advantage Some countries are specialised in producing product. Due to International trade and globalisation, countries are buying product from those countries that are specialised in producing product at lower cost. Such as India is providing outsourcing services to UK, USA, Australia, Canada etc. Non financial benefit International trade has brought non financial benefit to the countries such as it has lead countries to make strong political relations, understanding each other culture and work together. Indonesia, India, Pakistan, China has strong relationship with UK. Increase competition It has lead to increase competition in the market. Countries are getting benefits from high competition as it leads to low price product to capture market. 4.2 Impact of Two European Union Policies on UK business European Union has implemented different policies but the main two are World Trade Organisation (WTO) The main impact of European Union policies includes the introduction of free trade, world trade organisation, which has significantly affected the UK economy. Free trade has lead to increase competition in the European Union markets. Flow of migrant The major economic impacts of European policies are flow of migrant. It has lead to low skill labour to fill the gap in labour market. However significant flow of migration in UK has increased unemployment. (D2) Single owner Business International trade and global economy has brought significant competition in the market. There are many suppliers available to provide a long range of products and product substitutes are easily available. Those customers who prefer to buy less expensive product can easily get the products of their choice. The globalisation and international trade may have impacted the market at macro level but the small market is still safe to some extent. However at macro level, globalisation has strongly affected the GDP, which has put pressure on government monetary and fiscal policies to respond to those forces. 4.3 Economic Implication of Entry into EMU The economics of Europe has affected the market of its member and has brought significant changes in it. These includes Singly currency Euro is major currency in major parts of Europe which is used daily by 60% of Europe citizens. A single currency has minimised the exchange cost and eliminate exchange risk. Price Stability It has improved the price stability by keeping the interest rate and inflation rate at a low level. European Single Market Act The introduction of WTO, the goods will be traded freely between the euro zone has minimise the import duties and payments are being dealt in singly euro currency has minimise the cost of trading between different countries. (D3) Convergence into Europe EMU has introduced fine convergence criteria for members Inflation rate should not exceed 1.5%. Interest rate should not rise more than 2% Budget deficit should not exceed 3% of Gross Domestic product market price National debt should not exceed 60% of gross domestic product market price. Exchange rate should remain at normal ERM Bands for two years.